• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    ABSTRACT Patent of Invention: "APPLIANCE FOR SUBMERSION OF CAST METAL SCRAP". The present invention relates to a scrap metal submersion device comprising an open upper chamber including walls of a heat resistant material, an entrance positioned on a side wall of the chamber, an exit positioned at the base of said chamber and a ramp adjacent to said side wall of the chamber. The side wall also includes a feature affecting the flow of the molten metal. The feature may include, for example, a deflector, a paddle, a passage, a divergent or convergent shape and combinations thereof. Similarly, the flow of molten metal can be affected by tilting the ramp in or out.
    公开号:BR112014025614B1
    申请号:R112014025614-4
    申请日:2013-04-16
    公开日:2020-07-28
    发明作者:Richard S. Henderson；Jason Tetkoskie；Chris T. Vild
    申请人:Pyrotek, Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [001] This invention refers to an improved method and apparatus for melting metal scrap, such an aluminum combo. However, this disclosure is not limited to use with aluminum, but is preferably relevant for all molten metals.
    [002] Aluminum scrap can be divided into two general categories. The first category of scrap is comprised of large parts, such as internal combustion engine parts that are generally self-submersible. The second category of scrap is called light scrap, such as fragmented containers of food and drink or chips and machining supplements. Light scrap is difficult to submerge and thus difficult to melt.
    [003] Conventional melting systems for light scrap have the problem that floating scrap can form in the melting recess, seriously interfering with the efficiency of the process. Such conventional systems also lead to higher levels of scum formation and loss of molten material resulting from floating aluminum scrap that is converted to free aluminum oxide and metal that is absorbed in the skim. In addition to the loss of the molten material, high levels of scum require more intense downstream processing to separate these materials in order to provide purified metal.
    [004] U.S. Patent No. 4,128,415 discloses a system for melting scrap metal in molten media which includes a generally cylindrical housing in cut and having upper and lower portions. The scrap metal is introduced into a substance from the molten melting media contained in the upper portion of the housing. The supply of the molten melting media is added to the upper portion of the housing through a volute located in the lower portion. The fused melting means are supplied or added by the action of a propeller located in the lower portion and mounted on a transmission shaft extended through the upper portion. Shovels are mounted on the drive shaft to control the flow of substance from the melt and the metal scrap in the upper portion of the housing by creating a vertex in that substance for mixing purposes of the melt and melt scrap. metal.
    [005] U.S. Patent No. 3,997,336 discloses a system for melting scrap metal in molten melting media which comprises a housing having an upper portion in which the melting means and the scrap are placed together to initiate the melting. The housing also has a lower portion on which a volute is located. A propeller, having a central hub, a circumferential strip surrounding the hub and chamfered blades projecting radially from the hub to the strip, is positioned at the bottom of the housing to cooperate with the volute, so that with the rotation of the propeller, the molten metal and melting means are moved down and out of the housing.
    [006] U.S. Patent No. 4,518,424 discloses a method for melting scrap metal in molten melting media. The method comprises the steps of providing a melt substance in a housing having an upper portion and a lower portion, the lower portion having a generally cylindrical wall section. A supply of scrap metal is added to the housing and a supply of the molten melting media is introduced into the upper portion of the housing. The melting of the scrap metal is initiated by its ingestion and directing the melted melting means downwards in the housing by the action of a helix positioned in the lower portion, the helix having a flat ring element having an opening in its center and having extended blades said ring element to a substantially circular disc element.
    [007] U.S. Patent No. 4,486,228 discloses a method for melting scrap metal in molten melting media. The method comprises the steps of providing a melt substance in a housing having an upper portion and a lower portion, the lower portion having a generally cylindrical wall section. A supply of scrap metal is added to the housing and a supply of the molten melting media is introduced into the upper portion of the housing. The melting of the scrap metal is initiated by its ingestion and the melting means melted down into the housing by the action of a helix positioned at the bottom, the helix having a flat ring element having an opening in its center and having blades extended from said ring element to a substantially circular disc element. The scrap and the melting media enter the opening in the ring element in an axial direction and are then propelled in a radial direction by the use of the blades. The helix is positioned in the section of the cylindrical wall, such that at least the ring element cooperates with it to move the scrap and the melting means of the upper portion through said helix while substantially avoiding the recirculation of the melted melting means within the housing to the upper portion.
    [008] U.S. Patent No. 4,437,650 discloses an apparatus for melting relatively large floating units of scrap metal into melted medium or melting media, the units having oxide films and solid, liquid and gaseous inclusions. After the units are loaded into a melting medium, layers of freshly molten metal are presented to the melted media. The apparatus includes a recess for heating the molten media and a device for pumping the means of the heating recess to a circular recess for receiving the large units of the scrap metal.
    [009] US Patent No. 4,286,985, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses a vortex melting system for ingesting and melting metal scrap that otherwise tends to float on the surface of the melting media. cast. The method includes the steps of providing a supply of the melting means and directing the supply means to an upper portion of a receptacle having an outlet opening in its lower portion. The flow of the fusion media entering the receptacle produces a vortex of the media in the receptacle when the media flows out of the lower opening. The amount of flow from the melting means to the receptacle and the size of the lower opening are such that a predetermined level of the means is maintained in the receptacle.
    [0010] United States Patents 6,036,745, 6,074,455 and 6,217,823 also describe scrap metal submersion devices. The disclosures of each of these patents are hereby incorporated by reference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION
    [0011] According to a first embodiment, a scrap metal submersion device comprising an open upper chamber including walls of a heat resistant material, an entrance positioned on a side wall of the chamber, an exit positioned on the side or base wall of said chamber and a ramp adjacent to the side wall of the chamber is presented. The side wall also includes a feature affecting the flow of the molten metal. The feature may include, for example, a deflector, a shovel, a passage, a divergent or convergent shape and combinations thereof.
    [0012] According to a second embodiment, a scrap metal submersion device comprising an open upper chamber including walls of a heat resistant material is presented. The chamber includes an entrance positioned on a side wall and an exit positioned on the base. A ramp comprising an edge extends from the side wall of the chamber. The edge includes at least one generally upwardly facing surface that is angled inward or outward.
    [0013] According to an additional embodiment, a scrap metal submersion device comprising an open upper chamber including walls of a heat resistant material and an entrance positioned on one of a side wall and a base of the chamber is described. An outlet is positioned at the base of the chamber. A ramp comprising an edge extends from the side wall. The edge includes at least one generally upwardly facing surface that is angled inward or outward. The side wall of the chamber still includes at least one of a deflector, a shovel, a passage in fluid communication with a slag well, a change in the diameter adjacent to said ramp and its combinations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0014] FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a traditional molten metal recycling oven; FIGURE 2 is a sectional view of a traditional pump well and furnace loading well of FIGURE 1; FIGURE 3 is a top plan view, partially in section, of a first embodiment of an inventive loading well; FIGURE 4 is a sectional view of the loading well of FIGURE 3; FIGURE 5 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the inventive loading well; FIGURE 6 is a sectional view of an additional alternative embodiment of the inventive loading well; FIGURE 7 is a sectional view of a fourth alternative embodiment of the inventive loading well; FIGURE 8 is a sectional view of an alternative modal fifth of the inventive loading well; FIGURE 9 is a sectional view of a sixth alternative embodiment of the inventive loading well; FIGURE 10 is a top plan view of the loading well of FIGURE 9; and FIGURE 11 is a sectional view of an additional alternative embodiment, in which the shape of the loading wall is modified. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [0015] Reference will now be made in detail to various modalities of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Although the invention is described in conjunction with the embodiments depicted, it will be understood that it is not planned to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, it is planned to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as they may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention defined by the attached claims.
    [0016] The present invention is directed to a scrap submersion system of the type typically used in metal recycling processes, such as aluminum recycling. In metal recycling, it is necessary to melt scrap parts for treatment and processing. A large portion of the aluminum scrap pieces are thin-walled as a result of the mechanical shaping action from which they are formed, such as planing, drilling and cold rolling. The fusion of thin-walled scrap pieces is particularly difficult because the rapid submergence in the molten metal is severely hampered by the fact that thin-walled scrap pieces float in the molten metal. As a problem, prolonged exposure to a hostile atmosphere in a traditional melting furnace results in extremely high oxidation loss.
    [0017] In a typical melting operation used to convert light scrap to ingot, a melting furnace is equipped with a closed sill and a connected open side well. The side well is usually divided into a pump well and a fusion recess. A pump or other molten metal flow-inducing device is positioned externally to the melting recess (for example, in the pump well) and induces the molten metal to flow from the threshold to the melting recess. Typically, the fusion recess is further divided into a loading well and a slag well. Scrap metal parts are fed into the melting recess, particularly its loading pit component. The floating slag is skimmed from the surface of the molten metal in the slag pit.
    [0018] With reference now to FIG. 1, an aluminum recycling oven 10 is shown. The oven 10 includes a main sill component 12 which is heated, for example, with gas or oil burners or by any other method known in the art. Adjacent, and in flow communication (typically submerged in the arches) with the threshold 12, is the primary recycling area comprised of a pump well 14, a loading well 16 and a slag well 18. Although not shown, the wall the threshold 12 opens to the pump shaft 14, the pump shaft opens to the loading shaft 16, the loading shaft opens to the slag shaft 18 and the slag shaft opens to the threshold 12 to allow the circulation model shown by the arrows. The pump well may include a molten metal pump of any type known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, the well and the pump can be replaced by an electromagnetic pump, for example. The molten metal pump circulates the molten metal from the threshold 12 to the loading pit 16 where scrap chips from the metal to be recycled are deposited on the surface of the molten material. The loading well is also a location where additional metal or fluxes can be added to obtain a desired alloy. The molten metal from the loading well 16 flows into the slag well 18 where slag-like impurities are skimmed from the surface before the molten material flows back into the sill 12. This particular invention is directed towards an improved design loading well 16.
    [0019] The cargo shaft may comprise an open upper chamber including walls constructed of heat resistant material. The chamber includes an inlet positioned on a side wall (alternatively on the base) and in fluid communication with the pump well and an outlet positioned in its opposite side wall and in fluid communication with the slag wall (meanwhile, the outlet of the molten metal through the lower wall of the chamber with an internal channel forming for a side outlet is possible). In general, the internal shape of the chamber can be described as an entrance of the lower or lower side wall, a lower exit with a ramp formed adjacent to the side wall.
    [0020] According to a first embodiment, the ramp may comprise an extended edge from the side wall of the cargo shaft to the center of the chamber. The scrap metal submersion device can be constructed in a manner that positions the lower edge of the ramp at the base of the chamber adjacent to the entrance. The edge may include at least one surface generally facing upwards. The upwardly facing surface may include a first end (bottom edge) engaging the base and a second end raised above the base. The upward facing surface can have a width between, for example, 5% and 33% of the chamber diameter. Thus, if two opposite upward facing surfaces are considered, the overall area would be 66%. The edge may further include an at least substantially horizontal wall extending from the edge of the upwardly facing surface opposite the side wall to the base of the chamber and helping to define an outlet. The horizontal wall can be tilted inward or outward. Alternatively, the upwardly facing surface can engage an inner wall forming an outlet to the chamber on an edge opposite the side wall. The top edge of the wall can be approximately the same height as the end edge of the ramp.
    [0021] According to an additional modality, the ramp may also comprise an inclined surface that travels 360 degrees around the chamber and extends at an inclination from the base to the side wall effectively forming a cone-shaped chamber base.
    [0022] The ramp can spiral through at least 180 °, 270 °, 320 ° or the entire circumference of the camera. The upward facing surface of the ramp may include a portion having an inclination of approximately 5 ° or 10 ° to 15 °. However, it should be understood that the length of the ramp around the circumference of the chamber can vary significantly and the slope can vary the dimensions of the ramp entirely.
    [0023] With reference now to FIG. 2, the pump well 14 and the loading well 16 of FIG. 1 are displayed. The pump 20 is positioned in the pump well 14 and pulls the molten aluminum from the threshold 12 forcing it into the loading well 16. More particularly, the rotation of the propeller 22 pulls the molten aluminum from the bath 24, into the pump 20 and o forces it through outlet 26, up through passage 28 and through inlet 30 into loading well 16. Cast aluminum flows up ramp 32 into loading well 16, pouring over an inner edge 34 to into cavity 36 and exits through outlet 38. The front edge 44 of the ramp 32 can be positioned adjacent to entrance 30.
    [0024] Although it is beneficial for the ramp 32 to be inclined, this does not need to be accomplished by a constant inclination. Preferably, the ramp 32 can be tilted through a first portion of 180 ° 40 and remain horizontal over the final portion for approximately 120 ° 42. In this way, the invention is designed to cover all versions of an inclined ramp. Similarly, the invention is designed to cover a ramp covering as little as 45 ° from the circumference of the loading well 16 to 360 °. However, a ramp extended between 180 ° and 270 ° is typical.
    [0025] Because the present invention is applicable as a component to remodel existing cargo wells, it can be seen by FIG. 2 that the design includes a base section 46 of refractory material that lifts the cavity 36 to produce a free span for an outlet 38 and allows the molten metal to flow into the slag well 18 of FIG. 1. As recognized by those skilled in the art, metal chips being recycled are deposited on the surface of the molten material 48 in the loading well 16.
    [0026] With reference now to a brief reference to the scrap submersion device of U.S. Patent 6,217,823, as shown in FIG. 2, it is observed that a highly commercially successful system is represented. Furthermore, it has been found that the system shown in it facilitates the rotation of up to 9.07 kg / h (20,000 lbs / h) of molten aluminum. Obviously, the ability of an oven to circulate molten aluminum across the hearth to achieve the introduction of the desired scrap and bonding compounds is directly related to the economic production of that oven.
    [0027] To increase the rotation of the furnace, the pump component of the molten metal (in FIG. 2) can be put into operation at a higher RPM. Similarly, a larger molten metal pump can be used. However, it has been found that the loading well (16 in FIG. 2) does not take full advantage of such a larger molten metal flow because the vortex formed in it can inject more air which, in turn, results in greater loss of molten material. Furthermore, it was found that simply increasing the flow of molten metal released by the pump into the loading well may not improve the submersion of the scrap because it can change the optimum shape of the vortex formed therein. In addition, because of space constraints on typical furnace structures, the ability to increase the size of the loading shaft to install a larger submergence bowl to take advantage of the higher pump throughput is not always a viable option.
    [0028] It has also been learned that loading well 16 has a relatively "dead zone" adjacent to its external wall. As used here, the term dead zone represents an area in which the molten metal rotates within the chamber, but only a limited portion enters the vortex and cavity 36. The dead zone is problematic because it reduces the effective submersion area for the added scrap and it provides an amount of molten metal that falls to circulate through the threshold, decreasing energy efficiency and raising BTU requirements for the system.
    [0029] With reference now to a first embodiment of the invention, reference is made to FIGS. 3 and 4. In this embodiment, a scrap melting device 100 is comprised of a block of refractory material 102 that is constructed of a suitable size to provide a relatively close tolerance equaling the dimensions of an existing loading well (for example, loading well 16 of FIG. 1). Preferably, block 102 is constructed of a cured material, such as an alumina and silica refractory or other melt refractory material known to those skilled in the art. In a preferred form of the invention, the surfaces of the molten body will be treated with boron nitride before heat treatment. Block 102 includes a chamber 116 having a generally cylindrical side wall 118, a base 120 including ramp 121, with an inner wall 122 forming a centrally located cavity 123 leading to outlet 124 and outlet duct 125. Ramp 121 starts again with a front edge 127 adjacent to entrance 126 for chamber 116. In that case, entrance 126 includes a conical opening 128.
    A flow-breaking deflector 302, in the form of a wing or shovel, for example, is included in the chamber wall 116. More particularly, a plurality of baffles 302 is dispersed around the circumference of the chamber walls. It is planned that the deflector can be continuous, can comprise multiple deflectors evenly or not spaced around the circumference of the chamber and can be at one or more heights inside the chamber. Generally speaking, the deflector may have a bottom surface inclined downwards, such that the molten metal flowing from the center of chamber 116 is directed downwards. Alternatively, in the case of a chamber in which the flow of molten metal is predominantly upward against the wall 118 of the chamber 115, it may be desirable for the deflector to be angled down from its location on the wall to its end near the center of the chamber 116 Similarly, it may be desirable for the deflector to be tilted downward in its longitudinal extension in the direction of the molten metal rotating inside the chamber 116. In this regard, the desired characteristic of the deflector is to drive the molten metal down into the chamber. The deflector of U.S. Patent 6,036,745 provides an example.
    [0031] With reference to FIG. 5, it has been found that providing the ramp 121 with an inward tilt 502 can advantageously help to interrupt the dead zone by surrounding the walls of the mixing chamber through an inward bend of the metal when it ascends the ramp. As used here, inwardly refers to a ramp having a high edge adjacent to the side wall of the chamber and a relatively lower edge closer to the center of the chamber. An outward slope refers to a ramp having the opposite orientation. Inward and outward can generally be considered throughout this disclosure as referring to the relative position between the side wall of the chamber and the center of the chamber.
    [0032] With reference to FIG. 6, it has similarly been found that the provision of the ramp 121 with an outward slope 602 can advantageously interrupt the dead zone by surrounding the walls of the mixing chamber through an outward bend of the metal when it ascends the ramp. More particularly, the surface 126 which is horizontal in the device of FIG. 2 is angled inward or outward in the designs of FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively.
    [0033] It is observed that the slope of the ramp is not necessarily continuous. What's more, it can tilt across regions and remain horizontal across regions. In addition, the degree of inclination may vary.
    [0034] With reference to FIG. 7, it is similarly believed that the provision of the side walls of the chamber 116 with an inward slope 802 (convergent) adjacent its interface with the ramp 121 can produce a useful light turbulence in the dead zone adjacent to the outer walls of the chamber 116.
    [0035] With reference to FIG. 8, it is similarly believed that the provision of the side walls of the chamber 116 with an outward slope 802 (divergent) adjacent to the ramp 121 may produce a light turbulence useful in the dead zone adjacent to the outer walls of the chamber 116. Furthermore, with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, it is believed that providing the side wall of the chamber 116 with a change in diameter adjacent to the ramp 121 may be advantageous. The change in diameter can be continuous or discontinuous across the circumference of the chamber.
    [0036] Although the slope in and out of the side walls is represented as only extending over a limited strip above the ramp, it is planned that the slope may continue as high as necessary to obtain a slight disturbance in the dead zone. Similarly, it is observed that the slope of the walls is not necessarily continuous over the entire length of the walls, nor is their shape and / or slope necessarily constant.
    [0037] With reference to FIGS. 3 to 8, it is observed that a combination of inclined ramp, inclined chamber walls and deflector (s) could be used.
    [0038] With reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, it is considered potentially advantageous to provide a relatively small orifice 902 passing through block 102 with direct communication into the slag well 18. Orifice 902 can be at any time within the scrap melter, such as slightly more higher than the highest edge of the ramp 121. Furthermore, it is planned that the orifice 902 can facilitate the transfer of the molten metal from the dead zone adjacent to the walls of the loading well 16 and create the flow therein. In addition, orifice 902 can improve circulation between the chamber and the slag pit, which in turn improves the heat transfer from the burner bath to the sill, allowing the molten metal that returns to the loading pit to remain at a high temperature. This can reduce the residence time in the cargo pit, while maintaining a suitable vortex adjacent to the center of the cargo pit.
    [0039] It is planned that the characteristics of FIGS. 3 to 8 aimed at reducing the dead zone in the external wall can be combined in any manner deemed appropriate by the verse with the discharge orifice of FIGS. 9 and 10.
    [0040] With reference to FIG. 11, it is shown that the characteristics of the present disclosure including diverter (s), passages and modeled side walls adjacent to the interface with the ramp can be used in association with an alternatively modeled ramp. In particular, a 360 ° ramp 1002 having a relatively constant inclination from the base of the chamber to the side wall, effectively forming a cone shape may similarly include a deflector 1302, or side wall shaped inward 1702, or a passage 1902 communicating with a slag well and / or the pump well.
    [0041] The exemplary modalities have been described with reference to the preferred modalities. Obviously, modifications and changes will take place for others with the reading and understanding of the previous detailed description. The exemplary modality is intended to be interpreted as including all such modifications and changes as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [0001]
    1. Scrap metal submersion device comprising an open upper chamber (116) including walls of a heat resistant material, an inlet (126) positioned on a base (120) or side wall (118) of the chamber (116) , an outlet (124) positioned on the base (120) or on the side wall (118) of the chamber (116), and a ramp (121) adjacent to the side wall (118) of the chamber (116), the ramp (121) comprising an inclined surface extended from the base (12) to the side wall (118), characterized by the fact that the ramp (121) forms an edge extending from the side wall (118) having a first end engaging the base (120 ) and a second end ending above the base (120), the side wall (118) still including a feature above the ramp (121) to influence the flow of the molten metal, the feature selected from a deflector (302), a shovel, a divergent or convergent side wall shape, a pass in f communication liquid with a slag pit, and combinations thereof.
    [0002]
    2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feature comprises at least one deflector (302) extended towards a center of the chamber (116) from the side wall (118).
    [0003]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the feature comprises a passage arranged on the side wall (118) providing fluid communication between the chamber (116) and an adjacent container.
    [0004]
    4. Device according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the passage has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the outlet.
    [0005]
    5. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said edge extends between more than 0 and 270 ° of the circumference of the chamber.
    [0006]
    6. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least one surface generally facing upwards from the edge extending from the side wall (118) is one inclined inward or outward.
    [0007]
    7. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the feature comprises at least a portion of the side wall (118) one of which is inclined inwards or outwards adjacent to the ramp (121).
    [0008]
    8. Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it comprises a side wall inlet (126) and a base outlet (124)
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-11-12| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-05-19| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-07-28| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/04/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261624609P| true| 2012-04-16|2012-04-16|
    US61/624,609|2012-04-16|
    PCT/US2013/036727|WO2013158607A1|2012-04-16|2013-04-16|Molten metal scrap submergence apparatus|
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